Carrying God: Is Garuḍa Merely a Mount, Or Is He an Independent Deity?

Abstract

The article Carrying God: Is Garuḍa Merely a Mount, Or Is He an Independent Deity? by Michael Slouber challenges the reduction of Garuḍa to a mere vāhana. Drawing on scripture, temple worship, and iconographic evidence, the article shows how Garuḍa is venerated independently as a divine protector and messenger. Slouber underscores how localized devotion and myth elevate Garuḍa to god-like status, enriching Vaishnava symbolism.