On the Bed of Arrows: Vaishnava Theodicy Beyond Karma

Gopal K. Gupta; Ravi M. Gupta

On the Bed of Arrows: Vaishnava Theodicy Beyond Karma

Authors

Gopal K. Gupta
Ravi M. Gupta

Keywords:

theodicy, Mahābhārata, Bhīṣma, karma, divine grace, Vaishnava philosophy

Abstract

The article "On the Bed of Arrows: Vaishnava Theodicy Beyond Karma" by Gopal K. Gupta and Ravi M. Gupta addresses suffering using Bhīṣma’s death scene from the Mahābhārata. Challenging karma-centric interpretations, the authors argue for a relational theodicy centered on bhakti, surrender, and God’s grace.