he Guṇa Theory in the Bhagavad-gītā with Reference to the Varṇas

Abstract

This article, "The Guṇa Theory in the Bhagavad-gītā with Reference to the Varṇas" by Allan Keislar, explores the philosophical underpinnings and evolution of the concept of guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—within the Bhagavad-gītā, especially in connection to the varṇa (social class) system in Hindu thought. Keislar traces the historical development of guṇa theory, links it to Sāṅkhya philosophy, and investigates how the Gītā’s discussion of guṇas serves to explain both cosmological activity and human psychology. The work also contemplates the role of guṇas in shaping ethical behavior and spiritual progression, offering insights into their practical and doctrinal relevance.