The Harivamsa

Supplement to the Mahabharata and Independent Text

Abstract

This article, "The Harivamsa: Supplement to the Mahabharata and Independent Text" by Freda Matchett, explores the complex relationship of the Harivamsa (HV) to the Mahabharata (MBh). While the HV is often considered a "khila" or supplement, Matchett argues for its dual nature as both a continuation of and a distinct text from the MBh.

The HV explicitly presents itself as filling a gap in the MBh's narrative by focusing on the complete story of Krishna, particularly the lineages of the Vrishnis and Andhakas and Krishna's life from birth to his mature deeds in Dvaraka. Matchett highlights the HV's unique generic composition, blending Puranic material with elements of epic and kavya. She asserts that while Krishna is central to the HV, his divine role in the MBh is already profoundly established, often as the hidden controller of destiny.

The article details features supporting the HV's unity despite its diverse sources, such as the prominent use of the term "ashcharya" (miracle/wonder) for both Vishnu and Krishna, clear parallels between Vishnu's and Krishna's divine roles, and consistent portrayals of characters like Narada and Nidra across its sections (Harivamsaparvan and Vishnuparvan). Matchett concludes that the Harivamsa is not merely an auxiliary text but a coherent and significant work in its own right, forming the foundation of subsequent Krishna literature within Vaishnava culture.